An Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) is a scientific evaluation of the human and/or ecological health risks associated with contaminants of concern (COCs) present in soil and groundwater. Human and ecological “receptors” may be exposed to these COCs through multiple exposure pathways including ingestion/uptake of soil or water, inhalation of vapours, and direct contact with contaminated media. Receptor exposures are estimated, and risks quantified, using established models and toxicological data.
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